Brass is one of the most versatile engineering materials, and selecting the right alloy is critical for component performance. In this comprehensive guide, we explore the most common brass alloys used in precision component manufacturing.
CZ121 (CW614N) — Free-Cutting Brass
CZ121, also known as CW614N, is the most widely used brass alloy for precision machining. With approximately 57% copper, 40% zinc, and 3% lead, this alloy offers exceptional machinability — rated at 100 on the machinability index. It is ideal for high-volume CNC turning of fittings, fasteners, and electrical components.
CW617N — Forging Brass
CW617N is the preferred alloy for hot-forged brass components such as valve bodies, large fittings, and complex shapes. Its composition (58% Cu, 39% Zn, 3% Pb) provides excellent hot workability while maintaining good machinability for secondary operations.
DZR Brass — Dezincification Resistant
DZR brass alloys contain small additions of arsenic (0.02-0.06%) that prevent dezincification — a form of corrosion where zinc is selectively leached from the brass. These alloys are essential for potable water applications and comply with standards like BS EN 12164.
CuZn37 — Cartridge Brass
With 63% copper and 37% zinc, CuZn37 offers excellent cold working properties and is used for deep-drawn components, electrical contacts, and stampings. It has lower machinability than leaded brasses but superior ductility.
Choosing the Right Alloy
The selection depends on manufacturing method (machining vs. forging vs. stamping), application environment (water, chemicals, atmosphere), required mechanical properties, and regulatory requirements (lead-free, RoHS, REACH).
At BrassCraft Industries, our metallurgical team can help you select the optimal brass alloy for your specific application requirements.
